P1C4: System software

System software - Outlines

1. The purpose of operating system
• controls the hardware
• provides a platform for application software to run onto it
• provides an HCI (Human - Computer Interaction)
• manages the resources of the computer system
2. A batch operating system controls the passage of jobs through the computer without user interaction.
3. A real-time operating system reacts quickly enough to affect the next input or process that needs to be carried out. It operates a continuous cycle of input-processing-output.
4. A single-user operating system enables only one user at a time to access the system.
5. A multi-user operating system enables more than one user to access the system at the same time.
6. A multi-tasking operating system gives the user the impression that they can carry out more than one task at the same time.
7. A network operating system links a number of computers together and enables them to share peripherals.
8. Applications that require batch processing include:
• payroll
• bank statements
• utility bills
9. Applications that require a real-time response include:
• industrial control systems
• robots
• ticket-booking systems
10. A form-based user interface provides boxes into which the user can type data. It provides the user with help (on-screen prompts and validation) in completing the data.
11. A menu-based user interface provides the user with a set of options that restrict the available information. An information system for tourists and on-screen menus for digital television are easy for users to operate.
12. A graphical user interface (GUI) provides windows, icons, menus and a pointer to enable the user to interact with the computer in complex ways.
13. A natural language user interface enables the user to use a natural language such as English to interact with the computer. It may be spoken or typed input.
14. A command line user interface requires the user to type commands to give specific instructions to the computer. It enables a technician to get close to the workings of the computer.
15. Disk formatting software prepares a disk for use by the operating system.
16. File handling software enables the user to move, copy and delete files.
17. Hardware drivers enable successful communication between devices and the operating system.
18. File compression software allows data to be stored in a smaller amount of storage space.
19. Virus-checking software monitors input and stored data to ensure that it does not contain malicious software.